# CVE-2026-96755: orval @orval/effect code injection in OpenAPI schema defaults

Source: https://junglewise.ai/threats/cve-2026-96755-orval-versions-8-14-0-through-8-28-1-contain-a-code-injection  
Publisher: Junglewise Threat Intelligence, https://junglewise.ai/threats  
Published: 2026-09-23. Updated: 2026-09-26  
License: CC BY 4.0 with a link back

CVE-2026-96755 · Severity: critical · CVSS 9.8 · Published 2026-09-23

orval is a code generator that creates typed client libraries from OpenAPI specifications. The @orval/effect generator fails to sanitize OpenAPI schema default values, allowing attackers to inject arbitrary JavaScript code via template literal syntax (${...}). When code generated from a malicious specification is imported or built, the injected JavaScript executes at module scope, potentially compromising the build system or application.

Vendors: [Orval Labs](https://junglewise.ai/threats/vendors/orval-labs).

## Quick answers

**Is CVE-2026-96755 exploited in the wild?** No. Junglewise Threat Intelligence has no report of CVE-2026-96755 being exploited in the wild.

**How severe is CVE-2026-96755?** Critical severity, with a CVSS score of 9.8, published 23 September 2026.

**Which products and versions are affected?** Orval Labs @Orval/Effect 8.14.0 through 8.28.1.

**Is there a fix for CVE-2026-96755?** No fixed version is recorded yet. Check the vendor's advisory in the references below. If you run it, Junglewise drafts a mitigation that fits your setup and applies it once you approve, with senior security engineers behind it.

**How is CVE-2026-96755 attacked?** It is attacked over the network, in a software library.

**Am I affected by CVE-2026-96755?** Check whether you run Orval Labs @Orval/Effect at an affected version. Junglewise does that check for you around the clock: connect your code, cloud and domains, and it matches new vulnerabilities like this one against what you actually run and tells you when one reaches you.

## Technical details

The vulnerability is a code injection flaw in the @orval/effect package that converts OpenAPI schema defaults into template literals without proper escaping. An attacker can craft an OpenAPI specification with defaults containing ${...} expressions that execute as JavaScript at module scope during code generation. No authentication is required; the attack surface depends on whether the application imports generated code from untrusted or user-controlled OpenAPI specifications.

## Affected products

- orval-labs @orval/effect 8.14.0 through 8.28.1

## Timeline

- 2026-09-23: disclosed

## References

- [https://github.com/orval-labs/orval](https://github.com/orval-labs/orval)
- [https://github.com/orval-labs/orval/blob/v8.28.1/packages/effect/src/index.ts](https://github.com/orval-labs/orval/blob/v8.28.1/packages/effect/src/index.ts)