# CVE-2026-72765: n8n expression sandbox escape via arrow functions

Source: https://junglewise.ai/threats/cve-2026-72765-n8n-expression-sandbox-escape-via-arrow-functions  
Publisher: Junglewise Threat Intelligence, https://junglewise.ai/threats  
Published: 2026-08-11. Updated: 2026-09-25  
License: CC BY 4.0 with a link back

CVE-2026-72765 · Severity: critical · CVSS 9.9 · Published 2026-08-11

n8n is a workflow automation platform that allows users to build and execute automated processes. An authenticated user with workflow creation or modification permissions can exploit arrow function expressions to bypass the security sandbox and execute arbitrary system commands on the host server, compromising the entire system.

Technologies: [N8n](https://junglewise.ai/threats/technologies/n8n). Vendors: [N8n](https://junglewise.ai/threats/vendors/n8n).

## Quick answers

**Is CVE-2026-72765 exploited in the wild?** No. Junglewise Threat Intelligence has no report of CVE-2026-72765 being exploited in the wild.

**How severe is CVE-2026-72765?** Critical severity, with a CVSS score of 9.9, published 11 August 2026.

**Which products and versions are affected?** N8n all versions before 2.31.5 and 2.32.1.

**Is there a fix for CVE-2026-72765?** A patch was published on 2026-07-22: Fixed in n8n 2.31.5 and 2.32.1 Junglewise finds every place you run it, drafts the upgrade and applies it once you approve.

**How is CVE-2026-72765 attacked?** It is attacked over the network, in a hosted service.

**Am I affected by CVE-2026-72765?** Check whether you run N8n at an affected version. Junglewise does that check for you around the clock: connect your code, cloud and domains, and it matches new vulnerabilities like this one against what you actually run and tells you when one reaches you.

## Technical details

This is a sandbox escape vulnerability in n8n's expression evaluation engine (CWE-94: Code Injection). The root cause is improper validation of arrow function bodies in expressions, allowing an attacker to break out of the intended sandbox context. An authenticated user with workflow creation/modification permissions can craft malicious expressions using arrow functions to gain unauthenticated remote code execution on the underlying host. The attack requires authentication and workflow edit permissions but no user interaction. The vulnerability has been patched in n8n versions 2.31.5 and 2.32.1.

## Affected products

- n8n n8n all versions before 2.31.5 and 2.32.1

## Identifiers

- CVE-2026-72765
- GHSA-gv7g-jm28-cr3m

## Timeline

- 2026-07-22: disclosed: Vulnerability disclosed via GitHub Security Advisory GHSA-gv7g-jm28-cr3m
- 2026-07-22: patched: Fixed in n8n 2.31.5 and 2.32.1

## References

- [https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-gv7g-jm28-cr3m](https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-gv7g-jm28-cr3m)
- [https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/f69dfc6dd2178a14ea1624d2e1d403c2e755042f](https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/f69dfc6dd2178a14ea1624d2e1d403c2e755042f)

## Related threats

- [n8n path traversal in Databricks node](https://junglewise.ai/threats/cve-2026-119557-n8n-from-2-14-0-through-2-46-3-contains-a-path-traversal)
- [n8n remote code execution in deprecated Function nodes](https://junglewise.ai/threats/cve-2026-119408-n8n-before-2-42-6-2-43-x-before-2-43-3-and-3-x-before-3-0-1)
- [n8n Slack Trigger SSRF and token exfiltration](https://junglewise.ai/threats/cve-2026-118679-n8n-before-1-123-83-2-41-4-and-2-42-1-contains-a-server-side)
- [n8n prototype pollution in workflow history compaction](https://junglewise.ai/threats/cve-2026-118678-n8n-before-2-41-4-and-2-42-x-before-2-42-1-contains-a-prototype)
- [n8n Local Gateway deep-link missing confirmation re-pairing](https://junglewise.ai/threats/cve-2026-118677-n8n-before-2-41-4-and-2-42-x-before-2-42-1-contains-a-missing)