# CVE-2026-121688: FrodoBots EarthRover Mini+ insecure STM32 firmware update mechanism

Source: https://junglewise.ai/threats/cve-2026-121688-frodobots-earthrover-mini-firmware-version-6-2-4-6-2-5-0-614-0  
Publisher: Junglewise Threat Intelligence, https://junglewise.ai/threats  
Published: 2026-11-09. Updated: 2026-11-09  
License: CC BY 4.0 with a link back

CVE-2026-121688 · Severity: info · Published 2026-11-09

The FrodoBots EarthRover Mini+ is an internet-connected educational robot with camera, microphone, and motor controllers. Its STM32 motor-controller firmware updates are fetched over unencrypted HTTP and validated only with MD5, with no code-signing verification, allowing an attacker to inject malicious firmware and take control of the device.

Technologies: [FrodoBots EarthRover Mini+](https://junglewise.ai/threats/technologies/earthrover-mini). Vendors: [FrodoBots](https://junglewise.ai/threats/vendors/frodobots).

## Quick answers

**Is CVE-2026-121688 exploited in the wild?** No. Junglewise Threat Intelligence has no report of CVE-2026-121688 being exploited in the wild.

**How severe is CVE-2026-121688?** Informational severity, published 9 November 2026.

**Which products and versions are affected?** FrodoBots EarthRover Mini+ 6.2.4_6.2.5_0.614.0.

**Is there a fix for CVE-2026-121688?** No fixed version is recorded yet. Check the vendor's advisory in the references below. If you run it, Junglewise drafts a mitigation that fits your setup and applies it once you approve, with senior security engineers behind it.

**How is CVE-2026-121688 attacked?** It is attacked over the network, in a network appliance.

**Am I affected by CVE-2026-121688?** Check whether you run FrodoBots EarthRover Mini+ at an affected version. Junglewise does that check for you around the clock: connect your code, cloud and domains, and it matches new vulnerabilities like this one against what you actually run and tells you when one reaches you.

## Technical details

The STM32 motor-controller firmware is retrieved via unencrypted HTTP, with integrity verified only by MD5 hash provided in the same unprotected response. No cryptographic code-signing is implemented. An attacker on the network or performing man-in-the-middle attacks can intercept the firmware update and replace it with malicious code, gaining full control over the rover's motor control and enabling physical and digital compromise.

## Affected products

- FrodoBots EarthRover Mini+ 6.2.4_6.2.5_0.614.0

## Timeline

- 2026-11-09: disclosed

## References

- [https://github.com/frodobots-org](https://github.com/frodobots-org)
- [https://kb.cert.org/vuls/id/188754](https://kb.cert.org/vuls/id/188754)

## Related threats

- [FrodoBots EarthRover Mini+ privilege escalation in firmware](https://junglewise.ai/threats/cve-2026-121690-frodobots-earthrover-mini-firmware-version-6-2-4-6-2-5-0-614-0)
- [FrodoBots EarthRover Mini+ firmware credential exposure via plaintext storage and unauthenticated access](https://junglewise.ai/threats/cve-2026-121689-frodobots-earthrover-mini-firmware-v6-2-4-6-2-5-0-614-0-exposes)
- [FrodoBots EarthRover Mini+ firmware unauthenticated local interfaces](https://junglewise.ai/threats/cve-2026-121687-frodobots-earthrover-mini-firmware-version-6-2-4-6-2-5-0-614-0)
- [FrodoBots EarthRover Mini+ firmware remote code execution via MQTT](https://junglewise.ai/threats/cve-2026-121686-frodobots-earthrover-mini-firmware-version-6-2-4-6-2-5-0-614-0)
- [FrodoBots EarthRover Mini+ hard-coded credentials](https://junglewise.ai/threats/cve-2026-121685-frodobots-earthrover-mini-firmware-version-6-2-4-6-2-5-0-614-0)