CVE-2026-119189: Forge X.509 pathLenConstraint bypass in certificate verification

CVE-2026-119189 · Severity: medium · CVSS 5.9 · Published 2026-10-29

Forge is a JavaScript library that implements Transport Layer Security and X.509 certificate validation. The library fails to enforce certificate chain length restrictions on CA certificates that lack a keyUsage extension, allowing an attacker with a CA's private key to issue certificates exceeding the declared path length that still pass validation. This could enable an attacker to create fraudulent certificate chains in applications using Forge.

Technologies: Digital Bazaar Forge, node-forge (npm). Vendors: Digital Bazaar, npm.

Quick answers

Is CVE-2026-119189 exploited in the wild?
No. Junglewise Threat Intelligence has no report of CVE-2026-119189 being exploited in the wild.
How severe is CVE-2026-119189?
Medium severity, with a CVSS score of 5.9, published 29 October 2026.
Which products and versions are affected?
Digital Bazaar Forge before 1.4.1; node-forge (npm) <= 1.4.0, SEMVER:introduced=0,fixed=1.4.1.
Is there a fix for CVE-2026-119189?
Yes. node-forge (npm): upgrade to 1.4.1 or later. Junglewise finds every place you run it, drafts the upgrade and applies it once you approve.
How is CVE-2026-119189 attacked?
It is attacked over the network.
Am I affected by CVE-2026-119189?
Check whether you run Digital Bazaar Forge or node-forge (npm) at an affected version. Junglewise does that check for you around the clock: connect your code, cloud and domains, and it matches new vulnerabilities like this one against what you actually run and tells you when one reaches you.

How to fix

  • node-forge (npm): upgrade to 1.4.1 or later
    npm install node-forge@1.4.1

Technical details

The vulnerability is an incomplete constraint enforcement in X.509 certificate chain validation: pki.verifyCertificateChain() only enforces basicConstraints.pathLenConstraint when the CA certificate also carries a keyUsage extension. An attacker who possesses a constrained CA's private key or a subordinate CA certificate from it can construct a certificate chain exceeding the declared path length that bypasses validation. The fix in version 1.4.1 enforces pathLenConstraint regardless of keyUsage extension presence.

Affected products

  • Digital Bazaar Forge before 1.4.1

Identifiers

  • CVE-2026-119189
  • GHSA-h46v-rmh6-fq4f

Timeline

  • 2026-10-29: disclosed
  • 2026-10-27: patched

References

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