CVE-2026-116686: Model Context Protocol Python SDK unvalidated $ref fetching

CVE-2026-116686 · Severity: medium · CVSS 6.5 · Published 2026-10-27

The Model Context Protocol Python SDK, used to build AI assistant servers and clients, improperly validates JSON schema documents sent by servers. An attacker controlling a server can trick client applications into making unauthorized HTTP/HTTPS requests to arbitrary URLs or reading files from the client's filesystem. This could expose sensitive data or enable further network attacks from compromised client systems.

Technologies: Anthropic Model Context Protocol Python SDK, mcp (PyPI). Vendors: Anthropic, PyPI.

Quick answers

Is CVE-2026-116686 exploited in the wild?
No. Junglewise Threat Intelligence has no report of CVE-2026-116686 being exploited in the wild.
How severe is CVE-2026-116686?
Medium severity, with a CVSS score of 6.5, published 27 October 2026.
Which products and versions are affected?
Anthropic Model Context Protocol Python SDK 1.10.0 through 1.30.0, 2.2.0; mcp (PyPI) >= 2.0.0, < 2.2.0, ECOSYSTEM:introduced=2.0.0,fixed=2.2.0.
Is there a fix for CVE-2026-116686?
Yes. mcp (PyPI): upgrade to 2.2.0 or later. Junglewise finds every place you run it, drafts the upgrade and applies it once you approve.
How is CVE-2026-116686 attacked?
It is attacked over the network, in a software library.
Am I affected by CVE-2026-116686?
Check whether you run Anthropic Model Context Protocol Python SDK or mcp (PyPI) at an affected version. Junglewise does that check for you around the clock: connect your code, cloud and domains, and it matches new vulnerabilities like this one against what you actually run and tells you when one reaches you.

How to fix

  • mcp (PyPI): upgrade to 2.2.0 or later
    pip install "mcp>=2.2.0"

Technical details

The SDK's ClientSession, ClientSessionGroup, and Client classes validate outputSchema documents using jsonschema's default resolver without restricting $ref resolution, allowing servers to trigger out-of-band HTTP, HTTPS, or file:// URL fetches from the client context. The resolution runs synchronously on the event loop without timeout, enabling both blind request and local-file-read attacks and potential denial of service by stalling client sessions. The vulnerability affects versions 1.10.0 through 1.30.0 and version 2.2.0; it requires a compromised or malicious Model Context Protocol server.

Affected products

  • Anthropic Model Context Protocol Python SDK 1.10.0 through 1.30.0, 2.2.0

Identifiers

  • CVE-2026-116686
  • GHSA-rwrf-2pqf-9j8j

Timeline

  • 2026-10-27: disclosed
  • 2026-10-27: patched: versions 1.30.0 and 2.2.0 released

References

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