# CVE-2026-111225: Netgate pfSense CE OS command injection in openvpn.learn-address.sh

Source: https://junglewise.ai/threats/cve-2026-111225-netgate-pfsense-ce-2-5-0-through-2-9-0-contains-an-os-command  
Publisher: Junglewise Threat Intelligence, https://junglewise.ai/threats  
Published: 2026-10-15. Updated: 2026-10-19  
License: CC BY 4.0 with a link back

CVE-2026-111225 · Severity: medium · CVSS 5 · Published 2026-10-15

pfSense CE is a widely-deployed firewall that protects corporate networks. An authenticated VPN client can inject shell commands through the certificate common name or username, gaining the ability to execute arbitrary commands with elevated privileges when DNS Resolver client registration is enabled. This could allow a VPN user to compromise the firewall itself or launch further attacks on the network.

Technologies: [Netgate Pfsense Ce](https://junglewise.ai/threats/technologies/pfsense-ce), [Pfsense](https://junglewise.ai/threats/technologies/pfsense). Vendors: [Netgate](https://junglewise.ai/threats/vendors/netgate), [Pfsense](https://junglewise.ai/threats/vendors/pfsense).

## Quick answers

**Is CVE-2026-111225 exploited in the wild?** No. Junglewise Threat Intelligence has no report of CVE-2026-111225 being exploited in the wild.

**How severe is CVE-2026-111225?** Medium severity, with a CVSS score of 5, published 15 October 2026.

**Which products and versions are affected?** Netgate Pfsense Ce 2.5.0 through 2.9.0.

**Is there a fix for CVE-2026-111225?** No fixed version is recorded yet. Check the vendor's advisory in the references below. If you run it, Junglewise drafts a mitigation that fits your setup and applies it once you approve, with senior security engineers behind it.

**How is CVE-2026-111225 attacked?** It is attacked over the network, in an operating system.

**Am I affected by CVE-2026-111225?** Check whether you run Netgate Pfsense Ce or Pfsense at an affected version. Junglewise does that check for you around the clock: connect your code, cloud and domains, and it matches new vulnerabilities like this one against what you actually run and tells you when one reaches you.

## Technical details

The openvpn.learn-address.sh script in pfSense CE 2.5.0–2.9.0 fails to properly sanitize shell metacharacters when interpolating certificate CN or username into su -c command strings. An authenticated VPN client can embed shell metacharacters in these fields to break out of the intended command. Exploitation requires DNS Resolver client registration to be enabled, and results in code execution as the unbound user.

## Affected products

- Netgate pfSense CE 2.5.0 through 2.9.0

## Timeline

- 2026-10-15: disclosed

## References

- [https://github.com/](https://github.com/)
- [https://abraxaslabs.tech/research/pfsense-ce-leftovers](https://abraxaslabs.tech/research/pfsense-ce-leftovers)

## Related threats

- [Netgate pfSense CE reflected XSS in firewall_rules.php](https://junglewise.ai/threats/cve-2026-111233-netgate-pfsense-ce-2-7-1-through-2-9-0-contains-a-reflected)
- [Netgate pfSense CE stored cross-site scripting in firewall rules](https://junglewise.ai/threats/cve-2026-111232-netgate-pfsense-ce-2-3-0-through-2-9-0-contains-a-stored-cross)
- [Netgate pfSense CE authorization bypass in config restore](https://junglewise.ai/threats/cve-2026-111231-netgate-pfsense-ce-through-2-9-0-contains-an-authorization)
- [Netgate pfSense CE local file read via Dynamic DNS](https://junglewise.ai/threats/cve-2026-111230-netgate-pfsense-ce-through-2-9-0-contains-a-local-file-read)
- [pfSense CE command injection in captive portal HA sync](https://junglewise.ai/threats/cve-2026-111229-pfsense-ce-2-7-0-through-2-9-0-contains-a-command-injection)