Quick answers
- Is CVE-2025-46206 exploited in the wild?
- No. Junglewise Threat Intelligence has no report of CVE-2025-46206 being exploited in the wild.
- How severe is CVE-2025-46206?
- Medium severity, with a CVSS score of 6.5, published 4 August 2025.
- Which products and versions are affected?
- Artifex MuPDF 1.25.5, 1.25.6.
- Is there a fix for CVE-2025-46206?
- A patch was published on 2025-05-12: Fix committed to MuPDF master branch Junglewise finds every place you run it, drafts the upgrade and applies it once you approve.
- How is CVE-2025-46206 attacked?
- It is attacked over the network, in a software library.
- Am I affected by CVE-2025-46206?
- Check whether you run Artifex Mupdf. Junglewise does that check for you around the clock: connect your code, cloud and domains, and it matches new vulnerabilities like this one against what you actually run and tells you when one reaches you.
Technical details
A denial of service vulnerability exists in Artifex MuPDF versions 1.25.5 and 1.25.6 due to uncontrolled recursion (CWE-674). The issue resides in the `strip_outline()` and `strip_outlines()` functions within `pdf-clean-file.c`. When the `mutool clean` utility processes a PDF containing cyclic `/Next` references in its outline structure, the program enters an infinite recursive loop until the stack is exhausted. An attacker can exploit this by providing a malicious PDF to a user or service that utilizes the `mutool` utility. A fix has been committed to the MuPDF repository to detect and prevent these cycles.
Affected products
- Artifex MuPDF 1.25.5, 1.25.6
Timeline
- 2025-05-10: disclosed: Bug reported to Ghostscript Bugzilla
- 2025-05-12: patched: Fix committed to MuPDF master branch
- 2025-08-04: advisory: CVE published to NVD