Is CVE-2023-54404 exploited in the wild?

No. Junglewise Threat Intelligence has no report of CVE-2023-54404 being exploited in the wild.

How severe is CVE-2023-54404?

High severity, with a CVSS score of 7.5, published 1 October 2026.

Which products and versions are affected?

Colin McDaniel Zod through 4.6.5; Zod < 4.6.6, SEMVER:introduced=0,fixed=4.6.6.

Is there a fix for CVE-2023-54404?

Yes. Zod: upgrade to 4.6.6 or later. Junglewise finds every place you run it, drafts the upgrade and applies it once you approve.

How is CVE-2023-54404 attacked?

It is attacked over the network, in a software library.

Am I affected by CVE-2023-54404?

Check whether you run Colin McDaniel Zod or Zod at an affected version. Junglewise does that check for you around the clock: connect your code, cloud and domains, and it matches new vulnerabilities like this one against what you actually run and tells you when one reaches you.

CVE-2023-54404: Zod schema-validation library uncontrolled resource consumption

Q: Is there a fix for CVE-2023-54404?

Yes. Zod: upgrade to 4.6.6 or later. Junglewise finds every place you run it, drafts the upgrade and applies it once you approve.

Q: How is CVE-2023-54404 attacked?

It is attacked over the network, in a software library.

Q: Am I affected by CVE-2023-54404?

Check whether you run Colin McDaniel Zod or Zod at an affected version. Junglewise does that check for you around the clock: connect your code, cloud and domains, and it matches new vulnerabilities like this one against what you actually run and tells you when one reaches you.

CVE-2023-54404 · Severity: high · CVSS 7.5 · Published 2026-10-01

Zod is a schema-validation library used by applications to validate user input and data. A denial-of-service vulnerability allows attackers to crash an application by sending a large array to a field that uses an unconstrained array schema, exhausting the server's memory and causing it to stop responding.

Technologies: Colin McDaniel Zod. Vendors: Colin McDaniel.

Quick answers

Is CVE-2023-54404 exploited in the wild?: No. Junglewise Threat Intelligence has no report of CVE-2023-54404 being exploited in the wild.
How severe is CVE-2023-54404?: High severity, with a CVSS score of 7.5, published 1 October 2026.
Which products and versions are affected?: Colin McDaniel Zod through 4.6.5; Zod < 4.6.6, SEMVER:introduced=0,fixed=4.6.6.
Is there a fix for CVE-2023-54404?: Yes. Zod: upgrade to 4.6.6 or later. Junglewise finds every place you run it, drafts the upgrade and applies it once you approve.
How is CVE-2023-54404 attacked?: It is attacked over the network, in a software library.
Am I affected by CVE-2023-54404?: Check whether you run Colin McDaniel Zod or Zod at an affected version. Junglewise does that check for you around the clock: connect your code, cloud and domains, and it matches new vulnerabilities like this one against what you actually run and tells you when one reaches you.

How to fix

Zod: upgrade to 4.6.6 or later

Technical details

The vulnerability exists in the handleArrayResult parse logic of $ZodArray, which accumulates validation issues for each failing array element without a limit or early termination mechanism. An attacker can exploit this by submitting a large array input, causing the application to allocate excessive issue objects and crash due to out-of-memory conditions. The issue affects Zod through version 4.6.5 and can be mitigated or fixed by implementing an abortEarly parse option.

Affected products

Colin McDaniel Zod through 4.6.5

Identifiers

CVE-2023-54404
GHSA-mrhx-c7xc-m3w5

Timeline

2026-10-01: disclosed

References

This page as Markdown. Free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 with a link back.